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- In this video
- we're going to talk a little bit about amines.
- And these are just organic compounds
- where you have a nitrogen
- bonded to groups that contain carbon.
- So if I were to just draw some amines right here
- you could have something like this
- where you have a nitrogen bonded to two hydrogens
- and then maybe some type of carbon chain.
- Maybe it's just one carbon right here.
- So maybe you have a carbon
- which is also bonded to three hydrogens like this.
- In this case you would have a primary amine.
- If you have the nitrogen bonded to two carbons.
- So if you have something like this
- a nitrogen bonded to two carbons.
- So it has one carbon chain right there.
- And I'm just drawing methyl groups here.
- The chain could keep on going.
- Maybe you have two like that.
- And then you have a hydrogen right there.
- This would be a secondary amine.
- And then finally you could imagine
- if you had it bonded to three
- it would be a tertiary amine.
- This is just to get you introduced to the terminology.
- CH3, just like that.
- Now like all of the other new groups
- or new types of compounds that we've explored
- what I want to do is just
- introduce you to the naming of it.
- Because one, that lets you recognize them
- when you hear their names.
- But it also, I think on some level
- familiarizes you with their structure.
- So let's do a couple of naming examples.
- I drew these ahead of time.
- And in general, just to remember
- amines are a pretty high-priority group.
- Out of all the things that we've learned so far
- the only thing that is a higher priority
- is actually the alcohols.
- Or actually the thiols
- which I don't even remember if I did a video on it.
- But thiols are just like alcohols
- but instead of an oxygen you have a sulfur.
- So this comes right after those.
- So let's think about this one right here.
- So we always want to
- look for our longest carbon chain.
- And our longest carbon chain is right here.
- 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 carbons.
- You want to start numbering it
- closer to the functional group.
- 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
- And then the functional group
- is on the two carbon right there.
- So first of all, seven carbons.
- We would use the prefix hept.
- So it would be heptan. Let me write that down.
- And since our functional group is an amine
- in this situation
- it has a higher priority than the fact this is an alkane.
- So this will actually define the suffix.
- So we would then say
- well then on the two carbon
- -- let me do this in new color--
- on the two carbon right over here
- we have the amine group.
- So it's heptan-2-amine.
- And we're done.
- We know that we have an amine group
- on the twocarbon.
- Now let's do this one.
- This one's a little bit more hairy.
- So first of all, we always want to figure out
- the longest carbon chain.
- And it looks like the ring
- is going to be the longest carbon chain.
- We have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 carbons.
- So this thing right here is the longest chain.
- We only have 1, 2 carbons right there.
- One carbon and one carbon, right over there.
- So our root is going to be cyclohexane.
- I want to make sure I have enough space.
- Cyclohexane.
- And then once again it's an amine
- so this is going to take higher priority.
- So we're not just going to put an e at the end
- and call this cyclohexane.
- This takes higher priority.
- So it will actually define the suffix.
- And another thing to think about is
- you could say, OK, this is going to be the one carbon
- And so you could call this cyclohexan-1-amine.
- But in general, if this is defining it
- you always assume that
- you're going to start numbering
- right there at number one.
- So you could just call this cyclohexanamine.
- If it's written like this
- you assume that the one carbon
- is where the amine group is attached.
- Now what else do we have on this thing?
- We took care of the amine.
- We took care of the cyclo.
- Well we have this ether right here.
- And this ether has 1, 2 carbons.
- If it was just a two carbon chain, it would be ethane.
- But since what we have it's an ether
- it's bonded to this oxygen
- we call this ethoxy.
- So that right there is ethoxy.
- And we're going to have to think about
- how we're going to number this.
- So I'll leave that alone.
- And what are these over here?
- Well this is a methyl group. That's a CH3 implicitly.
- You don't see it drawn, but there's a carbon there.
- And if carbon is neutral, it has to have four bonds.
- And if you only draw one of them
- the other three are assumed to be the hydrogen.
- So this is a methyl group.
- And then this is also a methyl group.
- So we have dimethyl.
- So this is also a methyl group right over there.
- And when we think about numbering
- we could number from 1, 2, 3.
- Or we could start numbering 1, 2, 3.
- And in general
- you want to go numbering in the direction
- where you hit the functional group first.
- So we want to go 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
- So this right here is 5-ethoxy.
- And this is one, two dimethyl.
- These two combined
- you would call this one comma two dimethyl.
- And then when you want to list them in order
- the ethoxy would take precedence in alphabetical
- because the di you shouldn't count
- in the alphabetical order.
- This is just saying two methyls.
- So you really just want to look at the two
- of whatever you're talking about.
- M comes after e in alphabetical order.
- So this is going to be 5-ethoxy.
- Actually let me just rewrite the whole thing.
- So this is going to be 5-ethoxy
- 1,2-dimethylcyclohexanamine.
- And we're done.
- This was probably one of the longest words
- we've used in naming.
- But hopefully you see
- when you break down the different pieces
- it actually makes sense
- that it represents this molecule.